Coagulation / Flocculation

Flocculation refers to the targeted agglomeration of very fine suspended or colloidal particles (< 1 µm) into larger flocs, making them easier to remove through sedimentation or filtration. In water treatment processes, chemical flocculants such as salts of polyvalent metals or polymers are added to destabilize the particles’ electrical double layer, enabling floc formation.

In industrial wastewater treatment, food processing, and the paper industry, flocculation is a key step in reducing suspended solids and improving filtration efficiency. The process typically occurs in two phases: during coagulation, particles are destabilized by chemical additives, and in the flocculation phase, gentle stirring helps combine them into larger units.

The resulting flocs have a lower sedimentation rate than large particles but can be more easily separated using filter belts or screens. GKD offers mesh fabrics with specialized pore structures that prevent floc breakage and ensure high separation efficiency. Combined with suitable process belts, flocs can be gently conveyed and dewatered, enabling efficient and cost-effective operation of treatment plants and industrial processes.